B-type natriuretic peptide and its N-terminal fragment are blood biomarkers used in assessing left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure.
Formation and properties
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B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)* is a 32-amino acid peptide hormone with diuretic properties.
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The left ventricle secretes a 108-amino acid prohormone. Cleavage produces active BNP and an inactive 76-amino acid N-terminal fragment, NT-proBNP.
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Serum concentrations are elevated in conditions associated with left ventricular systolic dysfunction.
Clinical measurement
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NT-proBNP is generally measured in preference to BNP because it is more stable.
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NT-proBNP measurement is indicated for diagnosing left ventricular dysfunction and assessing prognosis and response to treatment in patients with heart failure.