Study note
MedicineCardiology

Clinical features of tricuspid regurgitation

THE CONTEXT
Tricuspid regurgitation may cause nonspecific symptoms, but characteristic jugular venous and hepatic findings help identify it.

Symptoms and examination

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Tiredness is related to reduced cardiac output, while oedema and hepatic enlargement result from venous congestion.
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The most prominent sign is a giant v wave in the jugular venous pulse; a cv wave replaces the normal x descent.
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Other findings include a pansystolic murmur at the left sternal border and a pulsatile liver.

Echocardiographic findings

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Echocardiography may show right ventricular dilatation.
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Rheumatic involvement produces thickened valve leaflets, while endocarditis may produce visible vegetations.
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