Study note
PediatricsNewborn Care

Neonatal pneumothorax: settings, diagnosis, and drainage

THE CONTEXT
Pneumothorax may complicate meconium aspiration syndrome or positive pressure ventilation in neonates.

Recognition

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Neonates with meconium aspiration syndrome and those receiving positive pressure ventilation can develop pneumothorax.
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Transillumination of the chest can help establish the diagnosis.
•
Right-sided tension pneumothorax can displace the mediastinum and push the diaphragm downward.

Intervention

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Needle aspiration or chest tube drainage can be life-saving.
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