Study note
MedicineCardiology

Normal pericardium: fluid, functions and congenital absence

THE CONTEXT
The pericardium has lubricating, mechanical and protective roles around the heart.

Normal fluid and physiological functions

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Pericardial fluid: The normal sac contains about 50 mL of fluid, similar to lymph, which lubricates the heart's surface.
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Mechanical function: The pericardium limits cardiac distension and contributes to the haemodynamic interdependence of the ventricles.
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Protective function: The pericardium acts as a barrier to infection.

Congenital absence

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Clinical effect: Congenital absence of the pericardium does not result in significant clinical or functional limitations.
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