Study note
BiochemistryMicronutrients: Vitamins & Minerals

Pantothenic acid in coenzyme A and acyl carrier protein

THE CONTEXT
Pantothenic acid participates in acyl group metabolism through its incorporation into coenzyme A and acyl carrier protein.

Functional moiety

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Pantothenic acid acts as the pantetheine functional moiety of coenzyme A (CoA) and acyl carrier protein (ACP).
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Pantetheine forms by combination of pantothenate with cysteine. Cysteine supplies the —SH group of CoA and ACP.

Metabolic roles

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CoA participates in citric acid cycle reactions, fatty acid oxidation, acetylations, and cholesterol synthesis.
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ACP participates in fatty acid synthesis.

Availability and deficiency

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Pantothenic acid is widely distributed in all foodstuffs.
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Human deficiency has not been unequivocally reported except in specific depletion studies.
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