Study note

Effect of antigen administration route on immune responses

THE CONTEXT

The route of antigen administration influences the strength of the humoral response, the antibody type produced and whether tolerance develops.

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Parenteral antigen administration produces a better humoral immune response than oral or nasal administration.

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Large particulate antigens, such as bacteria or erythrocytes, are more effective when injected into tissues.

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Oral or nasal administration is suitable for producing IgA antibodies.

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Inhaled pollen antigens induce IgE synthesis; the same antigens administered parenterally lead to IgG production.

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For some antigens, the administration route determines whether tolerance or an antibody response occurs.

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Protein antigens injected into the mesenteric vein or intrathymically usually induce tolerance.

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