A patient is unable to describe an episode involving loss of consciousness. Which additional source of history is crucial?
QUESTION 122
A patient has a bilateral arm and head tremor during movement at 8–10 Hz, with a family history of similar symptoms. Which tremor is most likely?
QUESTION 123
A patient has stereotyped, repetitive movements that can be briefly suppressed. Which movement disorder best fits this description?
QUESTION 124
An older patient taking warfarin develops right-hand weakness over several days following a head injury. Which diagnosis should this history particularly suggest?
QUESTION 125
Why is handedness elicited during a neurological history?
QUESTION 126
Chorea is a common complication of which treatment used for Parkinson disease?
QUESTION 127
A patient has a small, contracted tongue that moves slowly, a brisk jaw jerk and emotional variability. Which diagnosis best fits these findings?
QUESTION 128
A person experiences brief muscle jerks while falling asleep. Which interpretation best fits this finding?
QUESTION 129
Why is persistent dysphagia unusual after a unilateral upper motor neuron lesion?
QUESTION 130
Which statement best describes disturbances of bladder, bowel and sexual function in neurological disease?
QUESTION 131
A patient has dysphagia, dysarthria, a wasted fasciculating tongue and reduced palatal movement. Which localisation best explains this pattern of bulbar palsy?
QUESTION 132
In which direction does tension headache often radiate?
QUESTION 133
Which description best characterises myoclonus?
QUESTION 134
During examination for 3rd, 4th or 6th nerve palsy, which gaze position tends to make diplopia more obvious than the primary position?
QUESTION 135
Which pain description is characteristic of tension headache?
QUESTION 136
Which autonomic input to the rectum is excitatory?
QUESTION 137
Which circumstance surrounding neurological events is listed as suggestive of a functional disorder?
QUESTION 138
In a patient with a bursting headache precipitated by coughing, which anatomical region is particularly highlighted for exclusion of intracranial pathology?
QUESTION 139
A patient has repetitive attacks of severe, sharp periorbital headache lasting 15–120 seconds, triggered by touch or neck movements. Which headache syndrome best matches this presentation?
QUESTION 140
Functional imaging studies in the most common trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia syndrome suggest abnormal activity in which brain structure?
QUESTION 141
A patient with cortical ischaemic stroke subsequently becomes comatose. Which intracranial complication described in the source can explain this deterioration?
QUESTION 142
Which pair of stroke types usually accounts for coma at presentation?
QUESTION 143
For an eligible patient with suspected acute stroke, when should the general examination be performed relative to acute treatment such as thrombolysis?
QUESTION 144
Which feature characterises both acute stroke and transient ischaemic attack?
QUESTION 145
Which examination finding is explicitly listed as suggestive of a functional neurological disorder?
QUESTION 146
A woman has frequent attacks of severe unilateral periorbital pain lasting 5–20 minutes with cluster headache-like autonomic features. Which treatment is specifically associated with this syndrome?
QUESTION 147
Through which cerebral lobe do the lower fibres of the optic radiation pass?
QUESTION 148
Which aspirin regimen is listed for antiplatelet treatment in sinus rhythm in the stroke management passage?
QUESTION 149
What target INR is listed for warfarin in stroke management when the mechanical prosthetic valve exception does not apply?